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\u77ed\u7ebf\u62e9\u80a1\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u7d20<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u6295\u8d44\u5927\u5e08\u7f57\u4f0a-\u7ebd\u4f2f\u683c\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e16\u7eaa\u957f\u5bff\u7092\u80a1\u8d62\u5bb6\u201d\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u4f4d\u80a1\u5e02\u201c\u4e0d\u5012\u7fc1\u201d\u8eab\u4e0a\u5b66\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b9d\u8d35\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5462?<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7f8e\u56fd\u6295\u8d44\u5927\u5e08\u7f57\u4f0a-\u7ebd\u4f2f\u683c(Ray R. Neuberger)\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e1903\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u65f6,\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u8fd8\u662f\u7f57\u65af\u798f;\u98de\u673a\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u83b1\u7279\u5144\u5f1f\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u8bd5\u98de;\u800c\u7f57\u4f0a\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u662f\u9a91\u7740\u9a6c\u4e0a\u73ed\u548c\u56de\u5bb6\u7684\u3002\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3,\u4ed6\u5446\u5728\u5df4\u9ece,1929\u5e74\u8fdb\u5165\u534e\u5c14\u8857,\u4ed6\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u534e\u5c14\u8857\u7ecf\u5386\u4e861929\u5e74\u5927\u8427\u6761\u548c1987\u5e74\u80a1\u5e02\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

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 \u3000\u3000\u6295\u8d44\u5148\u77e5\u5df1<\/p>\n

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 \u3000\u3000\u4ed6\u667a\u4e3a\u5df1\u7528<\/p>\n

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 \u3000\u3000\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f,\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u529f\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c,\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u76f2\u76ee\u8ffd\u968f\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4e2a\u6027,\u4f60\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u9700\u6c42\u4e0e\u522b\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6210\u529f\u548c\u5931\u8d25\u4e2d\u5438\u53d6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u8bad,\u4ece\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u8eab\u3001\u9002\u5408\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u72ec\u7acb\u4e0d\u76f2\u4ece<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u73b0\u8c61,\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d,\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u76f2\u76ee\u8ffd\u968f\u4ed6\u4eba,\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u67d0\u4f4d\u8d44\u6df1\u80a1\u8bc4\u5bb6\u53d1\u8868\u6709\u5173\u5f53\u524d\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u6d88\u6781\u6216\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u89c2\u70b9, \u6216\u8005\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4f4d\u5173\u952e\u4eba\u7269\u63d0\u51fa\u5efa\u8bae,\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u5c31\u4e0d\u5047\u601d\u7d22\u5730\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u53bb\u505a,\u4ee5\u81f3\u9020\u6210\u80a1\u5e02\u52a8\u8361\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u5bf9\u4e00\u652f\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u5f71\u54cd,\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5b83\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6d6e\u52a810\u4e2a\u70b9,\u4f46\u90a3\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u77ac\u95f4,\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u4e00\u5929,\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e02\u573a\u65e2\u975e\u725b\u5e02\u4e5f\u975e\u718a\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u7f57\u4f0a\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u7f8a\u5e02\u201d\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u7f8a\u7fa4\u4f1a\u906d\u5230\u6740\u622e,\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u526a\u6389\u4e00\u8eab\u7f8a\u6bdb\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e78\u8fd0\u5730\u9003\u8131,\u4fdd\u4f4f\u7f8a\u6bdb\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4f4e\u4f30\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5728\u80a1\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528,\u4e70\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u6bd4\u5356\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u8fd8\u8981\u7d27\u5f20,\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u9664\u53bb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u548c\u8bc1\u5238\u5206\u6790\u56e0\u7d20\u5916,\u8bb8\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u4e70\u5356\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u5224\u65ad,\u5934\u75db\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c0f\u4e8b\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4e70\u5356\u3002<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u5728\u7f8a\u5e02\u4e2d,\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u53bb\u60f3\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6392\u9664\u56f0\u96be\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5229\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684,\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4f1a\u9519\u8fc7\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u8bbe\u60f3\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u662f\u673a\u6784\u7fa4\u4f53,\u6709\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u76f8\u4e92\u7275\u7d2f\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u727a\u7272\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u300010%\u5fc5\u6b62\u635f<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u5728\u534e\u5c14\u8857,\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u5e38\u80dc\u5c06\u519b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5,\u5fc5\u987b\u5b66\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u5730\u6446\u8131\u5931\u5229,\u8f7b\u677e\u800c\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u524d\u8fdb\u300210%\u6b62\u635f\u539f\u5219\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u667a\u7684:\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u80a1\u7968\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0b\u8dcc\u4e86,\u8bf7\u63a5\u53d7 10%\u7684\u635f\u5931,\u7136\u540e\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u6b21\u5c0f\u7684\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u4e0b\u8dcc\u603b\u6bd4\u5927\u7684\u3001\u957f\u671f\u7684\u635f\u5931\u8981\u5e78\u8fd0\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u539f\u5219\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec,\u4e0d\u8981\u592a\u8d2a\u6c42\u5229\u6da6,\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u8bd5\u56fe\u53bb\u63a8\u6d4b\u80a1\u4ef7\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u70b9\u3002\u7f57\u4f0a\u575a\u6301\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219,\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e8b\u4e8b\u90fd\u8d62,\u4f46\u957f\u5e74\u4e0b\u6765,\u8fd8\u662f\u8d62\u591a\u8f93\u5c11\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u7262\u8bb010%\u6b62\u635f\u539f\u5219:\u5c3d\u65e9\u53d1\u73b0\u9519\u8bef,\u7acb\u5373\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u8fdb\u9000\u7686\u6709\u5ea6<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u5165\u5e02\u8d2d\u4e70\u80a1\u7968?\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u9002\u5408\u5356\u51fa\u80a1\u7968?\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u5728\u573a\u5916\u89c2\u671b?\u65f6\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u60c5,\u4f46\u65f6\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bb8\u591a\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u672c\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u597d\u7684\u957f\u7ebf\u6295\u8d44,\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e70\u5165,\u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u5f88\u7cdf\u3002\u628a\u63e1\u6709\u5229\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u9760\u76f4\u89c9,\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5374\u6b63\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u65f6\u673a\u7684\u9009\u5b9a\u8981\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u601d\u7ef4\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d,\u5347\u52bf\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u8dcc\u52bf\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f,\u8870\u9000\u4f1a\u4ece\u9ad8\u6f6e\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u65f6\u673a\u662f\u5fae\u5999\u7684,\u53c8\u662f\u5f88\u7f1c\u5bc6\u7684\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5e94\u8be5\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u5c31\u662f:\u80a1\u7968\u5e02\u573a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7406\u4f1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5e94\u8be5\u662f:\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u6da8\u4e2d,\u83b7\u5f9766.66%\u7684\u673a\u4f1a,\u7136\u540e\u9000\u51fa,\u91cd\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u7684\u80a1\u7968\u3002\u867d\u7136\u80a1\u4ef7\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u83b7\u5229\u4e86,\u8fd8\u662f\u9000\u51fa\u4e3a\u597d\u3002\u53ea\u6c42\u505a\u597d\u4f46\u4e0d\u8d2a\u5a6a,\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7b49\u5f85\u6700\u9ad8\u70b9\u6216\u6700\u4f4e\u70b9,\u5728\u5f31\u5e02\u4e2d\u4e70,\u5728\u5f3a\u5e02\u4e2d\u5356,\u6700\u597d\u65e9\u4e70\u65e9\u5356\u3002<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5206\u6267\u8457<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u5192\u9669\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc,\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027,\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u75f4\u8ff7\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u67d0\u79cd\u7406\u60f3,\u6700\u80fd\u4f7f\u4eba\u75f4\u8ff7\u7684\u6050\u6015\u5c31\u7b97\u80a1\u7968\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5f20\u8bc1\u660e\u4f60\u5bf9\u4e00\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1a\u6240\u6709\u6743\u7684\u7eb8,\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u91d1\u94b1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8c61\u5f81\u3002\u70ed\u7231\u4e00\u652f\u80a1\u7968\u662f\u5bf9\u7684,\u4f46\u5f53\u5b83\u80a1\u4ef7\u504f\u9ad8\u65f6,\u8fd8\u662f\u8ba9\u522b\u4eba\u53bb\u70ed\u7231\u5b83\u5427!<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u58a8\u5b88\u9648\u89c4<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u6839\u636e\u5f62\u52bf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6539\u53d8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3b\u52a8\u6839\u636e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u7f57\u4f0a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u627f\u8ba4:\u5728\u4ed668\u5e74\u7684\u534e\u5c14\u8857\u751f\u6daf\u91cc,\u670930%\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u72af\u9519\u8bef,\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u5728\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u7684,\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6240\u6709\u8d22\u5bcc\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u72af\u9519\u8bef,\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u53ca\u65f6\u5730\u3001\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u7ea0\u6b63\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

 \u3000\u3000\u5728\u7f57\u4f0a?\u7ebd\u4f2f\u683c94\u5c81\u9ad8\u9f84\u7684\u65f6\u5019,\u4ed6\u56de\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u751f,\u4ed6\u8bf4:\u201c\u6211\u81f3\u4eca\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u591a\u538c\u6076\u621150\u5c81\u7684\u751f\u65e5\u300250\u5c81,\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa!\u90a3\u4e48\u8001\u4e86!\u6211\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6bd4\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u8001\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u6bcf\u5929\u4ecd\u53bb\u4e0a\u73ed\u3002\u5bf9\u6211\u800c\u8a00,\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u73a9\u4e50\u3002\u5728\u534e\u5c14\u8857\u505a\u4ea4\u6613\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3,\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u7279\u522b\u6709\u610f\u601d,\u7279\u522b\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u3002\u6211\u4ecd\u7136\u559c\u6b22\u6323\u94b1,\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u4eec\u4e5f\u80fd\u6323\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u8981\u7684\u94b1;\u628a\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u2014\u2014\u65e2\u80fd\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u5f00\u5fc3,\u53c8\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u90a3\u624d\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5feb\u4e50<\/p>\n

\n

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\n

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